Relational Algebra

Introduction Relational Algebra is a theoretical foundation for the query languages(SQL) used in relational database management systems (RDBMS). Definition Relational algebra is a formal system used to manipulate relations (tables) in relational databases. Characteristics Relational algebra provides a foundation for expressing queries and transformations on relational databases. It’s a mathematical Read more…

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RDBMS Constraints

Introduction Database Constraints are typically enforced by the database management system (DBMS) and play a crucial role in ensuring data consistency and accuracy. Definition Database constraints are rules and restrictions applied to data in a database to ensure data integrity, accuracy, and consistency.  Characteristics Database constraints define certain conditions that Read more…

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Database Models

Definition Database models are conceptual frameworks that define the structure, relationships, and rules governing how the data is stored, organized, manipulated, and accessed in a database management system (DBMS).  Types of Database Models There are several types of database models exist today but each database model offers various ways to Read more…

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Architecture of DBMS

Architecture of DBMS DBMS architectures can vary based on the specific implementation, with some systems incorporating additional components or different arrangements based on their design and intended use cases. However, these core components generally form the foundation of most DBMS architectures. The architecture of a Database Management System (DBMS) refers Read more…

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History of DBMS

History of DBMS The history of Database Management Systems (DBMS) is a fascinating journey that spans several decades, marked by significant milestones and advancements in technology. The history of DBMS reflects the evolution of data management technologies to meet the changing needs of businesses and organizations in storing, accessing, and Read more…

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Reference Books SE

SlNo Books Name Authors Publications 1. Software Engineering-A Practitioner’s Approach Roger S. Pressman McGraw Hill International Edition 2. Software Engineering K. K. Aggarwal, Yogesh Singh – – – 3. Software Engineering Ian Sommerville Addison-Wesley Publishing Company 4. Software Engineering – An Engineering Approach James F. Peter, John Wiley – – Read more…

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Agile Software Development

Introduction The Agile methodology was born in response to the need for software development processes that were more flexible and adaptive to changes in requirements, market conditions, and customer needs. Definition: Agile software development is a software development methodology that emphasizes flexibility, collaboration, and customer satisfaction. Characteristics It involves iterative Read more…

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Difference Between SE

SlNo Coupling Coehesion 1. Coupling exists between a module i.e., inter-modular. Cohesion exists within a module i.e., intra-modular. 2. Low value of coupling is good for software. High value of cohesion is good for software. 3. Coupling remarks the independence among modules. Cohesion remarks the functional strength of modules. 4. Read more…

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